Innowacyjność w rozwoju przestrzeni turystycznej

Critical socio-political changes that have happened in Europe during the last twenty years, particularly in East-Central Europe, have had a great influence on the development of cities and the surrounding areas. The state welfare structure of West European countries has influenced the socioeconomic development of their cities. On the other hand, the state–managed economy in East-Central Europe controlled the local communities, which had great impact on their undertakings. The changes in political structure and economic reform policies have in turn resulted in changes in social institutions and property relations. Nowadays, the socioeconomic growth of the cities has taken place essentially in the areas around the cities. Innovation is one of the most important factors of the enterprise development there. The author concentrates on the consequences of alternative forms of innovation in the tourist areas and uses Bruges and Dresden as case studies; he refers to economic restructuring and innovative efforts in Erfurt.