Rejestracja obrazu i dźwięku w podmiotach leczniczych - granice kontroli udzielania świadczeń zdrowotnych

Artykuł prezentuje przepisy definiujące warunki prowadzenia monitoringu obrazu i/lub dźwięku w podmiotach leczniczych oraz związane z nimi orzecznictwo. Odwołuje się też do praktyki oraz obserwacji autora, wynikających z jego pracy naukowej i doświadczeń zawodowych. Na tej podstawie podjęto próbę sformułowania implikacji prawnych i praktycznych zagadnienia legalnego stosowania monitoringu podczas udzielania świadczeń zdrowotnych. Problematyka jest omawiana z punktu widzenia poszanowania prywatności i godności pacjenta, z uwzględnieniem granic kontroli tego procesu, której może służyć rejestracja obrazu i dźwięku.

Granting medical services in medical entities can be regarded as a complex and multidimensional process, in which a patient and a person providing medical services participate. An analysis of the actual legal aspects of the relation between the parties in the process may lead to developing an appropriate standard for using legal regulations. In doubtful situations, from the perspective of both parties, the key issue is to set the actual course of medical services provision process. It is necessary to depict this actual state in order to work out objective conditions for the consequent assessment of the behaviour of both patients and persons providing medical services. Therefore, a key question arises about the limits on controlling medical services provision that can be introduced to the interest of patients – regarding their right to privacy that is guaranteed by the law. This concerns, in the first place, information about patients, especially about the state of their health, which is obtained when medical services are provided, and which should be considered as especially sensitive information. It seems that using technical tools to record image and, in some cases, sound (so called monitoring) by medical entities can be a good method that guarantees optimal conditions to ensure legal safety of both patients and medical staff. However, it should be taken into account that, due to the specific nature of this relation, the application of the legal regulations that allow, in some situations, for registering image, or even sound, calls for consideration on the part of medical entities. The issues have been presented on the basis of the author’s own observations resulting from his scientific work and professional experience. The achievements of the doctrine and related judicature are very scarce. And so are available results of empirical research in the area.