Transfer wiedzy z uczelni do regionalnej gospodarki za pośrednictwem spółek „spin-off”

Article is devoted to issues of knowledge transfer from universities to the regional economy by "spin-offs". Despite the complexity of this process, the empirical literature devotes relatively little attention to the particular "academic" characteristics of universities-based “spin-off” companies, rarely taking into account the specificity of  the universities’ business ventures (and especially the role of scientists as entrepreneurs). The following sections discuss the Bayh'a-Dole Act, which opened for American universities the opportunity to undertake entrepreneurial activities, especially in the area of licensing. The article presents the overview of the selected literature on the contribution of academic entrepreneurship to business creation.